Tag engine identification

What are the differences between Ford 351 motors (Windsor, M, Cleveland) for 1980-1986 trucks?


Bullnose Bill explaining 351W, 351M, and 300 inline-six differences beside a 1980s Ford F-Series.

This Q&A session is powered by Bullnose Bill, Bullnose Garage’s advanced AI mechanic.
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Bill says:

Alright, let’s dive into the 351 engines, often seen in our beloved Bullnose Fords. There are two main versions: the 351 Windsor (351W) and the 351 Cleveland (351C). Here’s a breakdown of their differences:

351 Windsor (351W)

  • Origin: Named after the Windsor, Ontario plant. Introduced in 1969.
  • Block Material: Cast iron.
  • Valve Arrangement: Inline.
  • Cylinder Heads: Smaller, more restrictive heads compared to the Cleveland. Great for low-end torque.
  • Main Journals: Larger, offering better durability.
  • Applications: Common in trucks and some passenger cars due to durability and parts availability.
  • Oil System: Traditional small block Ford oiling system, prioritizing the bottom end.

351 Cleveland (351C)

  • Origin: Named after the Cleveland, Ohio plant. Introduced in 1970.
  • Block Material: Cast iron.
  • Valve Arrangement: Canted valve heads, allowing for better airflow.
  • Cylinder Heads: Larger ports and valves, designed for high-performance applications.
  • Main Journals: Smaller than Windsor, focusing on high RPM performance.
  • Applications: Primarily used in performance cars due to its high-revving nature.
  • Oil System: Top-end priority, which can be a weak point in high-performance builds.

Considerations for Bullnose Ford Trucks

  • 351W: More common in trucks due to better low-end torque and durability. Parts are readily available and tend to be more affordable.
  • 351C: Less common in trucks. Offers better performance at higher RPMs but may require modifications to fit certain applications.

Pro Tips

  • Swapping: If you’re considering a swap, keep in mind the availability of parts and your intended use. The Windsor is usually the go-to for truck reliability.
  • Aftermarket Support: Both engines have strong aftermarket support, but the Windsor has a slight edge due to its longer production run.
  • Build Purpose: Choose the Windsor for towing or hauling. Opt for the Cleveland if you’re seeking a performance build.

If you need more detailed guidance or specifics on a build, feel free to ask! There might also be useful videos on the Bullnose Garage YouTube channel for visual help.


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User:

How can I identify different Ford 351 motors (Windsor, M, Cleveland)?

Bill avatar
Bill:

Alright, if you’re trying to identify whether you’ve got a 351 Windsor (351W) or a 351 Cleveland (351C) under the hood, here are some key features to look for:

Identifying a 351 Windsor (351W)

  • Valve Covers: Typically, they have five bolts.
  • Thermostat Housing: Located on the intake manifold.
  • Timing Chain Cover: Made of stamped steel and is separate from the engine block.
  • Block Design: Generally taller and narrower compared to the Cleveland.
  • Distributor: Sits directly in front of the intake manifold.

Identifying a 351 Cleveland (351C)

  • Valve Covers: Usually have eight bolts.
  • Thermostat Housing: Integrated into the engine block, not the intake manifold.
  • Timing Chain Cover: Cast into the block, giving it a more unified look.
  • Cylinder Heads: Larger ports and distinct canted valve arrangement.
  • Block Design: Wider appearance due to the larger heads.

Quick Tips

  • Check the Casting Numbers: Located on the engine block near the starter. This can confirm the engine type.
  • Visual Cue: The Cleveland’s heads look wider and flatter due to the canted valve design.
  • Location: The thermostat location is a quick giveaway. Cleveland has it built into the block, while Windsor has it on the intake.

If you’re still unsure, taking photos and comparing them to guides or online resources can help. There might be a useful video or article on the Bullnose Garage channel or website that breaks down these differences visually.

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User:

Will adding A/C to a Ford 300 inline‑6 affect performance or drivability?

Bill avatar
Bill:

Hey there! Adding A/C to your Ford 300 (the inline-six) is definitely doable, and it shouldn’t make your truck hard to run if done right. Here’s what you need to consider:

Engine Load

  • Power Draw: The A/C compressor will put an additional load on the engine. The 300 has plenty of low-end torque, so it typically handles the extra load well.
  • Performance Impact: You might notice a slight dip in acceleration when the A/C is running, especially at lower RPMs.

Cooling System

  • Radiator: Make sure your cooling system is in good shape. Consider upgrading to a higher-capacity radiator if you’re dealing with extreme temperatures.
  • Fan: Ensure your fan and shroud are efficient. An electric fan can also help manage engine temperatures better.

Electrical System

  • Alternator: Check if your alternator can handle the additional electrical load. A higher-output alternator might be necessary.
  • Wiring: Ensure all wiring is up to spec and properly insulated to prevent any electrical issues.

Installation Tips

  • Compressor Mount: You’ll need a compatible bracket for the A/C compressor. These can sometimes be found in salvage yards or aftermarket suppliers.
  • Belt Routing: Check belt routing for proper tension and alignment. Sometimes a different belt length might be needed.

Pro Tip

  • Idle Speed: You might need to adjust the idle speed slightly higher to compensate for the compressor load, especially with a manual choke.

Adding A/C is a great upgrade for comfort. As long as you keep an eye on these factors, your truck should run smoothly. If you need a detailed walkthrough, there might be guides or videos on the Bullnose Garage channel to help out.

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User:

Which muffler is best for a Ford 300 inline‑6?

Bill avatar
Bill:

Choosing the right muffler for your Ford 300 inline-six can enhance performance and sound. Here’s what you should consider:

Performance Goals

  • Stock-like Performance: A quieter muffler, like a Walker or stock-style replacement, keeps performance close to factory specs with minimal noise.
  • Improved Sound: A performance muffler like a Flowmaster 40 or 50 series can give a deeper tone without being too loud.
  • Increased Flow: For better exhaust flow, consider a straight-through design like a MagnaFlow. It offers gains in power, especially if other engine mods are in place.

Sound Preferences

  • Quiet and Subtle: Chambered mufflers are great for a subdued sound.
  • Deep and Throaty: A glasspack or straight-through muffler will give a more aggressive sound.

Installation Considerations

  • Fitment: Ensure the muffler’s inlet and outlet match your current exhaust system diameter (commonly 2.25-2.5 inches for these engines).
  • Space: Check for adequate space under your truck to accommodate the muffler size.

Pro Tips

  • Rust Resistance: Go for stainless steel if you’re worried about corrosion, especially in areas with harsh weather.
  • Backpressure: Keep in mind, reducing backpressure too much can affect low-end torque, which is important for the 300’s performance.

For deeper insights or sound comparisons, you might find videos on the Bullnose Garage channel useful. If you want to dive deeper into exhaust setups, feel free to ask!

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User:

What muffler fitments and sizes suit a Ford 300 inline‑6?

Bill avatar
Bill:

Choosing the right muffler for your Ford 300 inline-six depends on the sound and performance you’re after. Here’s a rundown of some good options:

Considerations

  • Sound: Decide if you want a mellow tone, something more aggressive, or a quiet ride.
  • Performance: Look for a muffler that won’t restrict airflow, helping maintain or even improve performance.
  • Fitment: Check the available space under your truck and the exhaust diameter to ensure compatibility.

Popular Muffler Options

  1. Flowmaster 40 Series

    • Sound: Aggressive and throaty.
    • Performance: Offers good flow and power.
    • Notes: Can be loud, especially at highway speeds.
  2. MagnaFlow Performance Muffler

    • Sound: Deep, smooth tone.
    • Performance: Straight-through design for minimal restriction.
    • Notes: Durable stainless steel construction.
  3. Dynomax Super Turbo

    • Sound: Mellow and not overpowering.
    • Performance: Provides a balance between noise reduction and flow.
    • Notes: Good option if you want a quieter ride.
  4. Cherry Bomb Glasspack

    • Sound: Classic, raspy sound.
    • Performance: Straight-through design for good airflow.
    • Notes: Can be quite loud and might drone.

Pro Tip

  • Exhaust Size: Stick with a 2.25" to 2.5" exhaust system for optimal performance with the 300.
  • Tailpipes: Consider adding a resonator if you’re worried about drone on the highway.

If you’re still unsure, there might be reviews or sound clips online, and possibly some related content on the Bullnose Garage channel to help make your decision.

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User:

What are the best muffler choices for a Ford 300 inline‑6 for sound and flow?

Bill avatar
Bill:

Choosing the right muffler for your Ford 300 depends on the sound and performance you’re after. Here are some options to consider:

Considerations

  • Sound: Decide if you want a deep, throaty growl or something more subtle and stock-like.
  • Performance: Consider if you’re looking to improve exhaust flow for better performance.

Muffler Options

  1. Flowmaster 40 Series

    • Sound: Aggressive and deep. Good for a classic rumble.
    • Performance: Improves flow, but might be louder inside the cab.
  2. MagnaFlow Mufflers

    • Sound: Smooth, deep tone. Not too aggressive.
    • Performance: Offers good flow and a slight performance boost.
  3. Cherry Bomb Glasspack

    • Sound: Classic, loud, and raspy—great for an old-school vibe.
    • Performance: Less restrictive but can be quite loud.
  4. Dynomax Super Turbo

    • Sound: Mild performance tone with less interior noise.
    • Performance: Good balance between flow and sound control.

Installation Tips

  • Exhaust Diameter: Match your muffler inlet/outlet size with your exhaust pipes (usually 2.25" to 2.5" for the 300).
  • Fitment: Consider the space under your truck for muffler length and fit.
  • Clamps vs. Welding: Clamps are easier for DIY, but welding provides a more secure fit.

Pro Tip

  • Test Fit: If possible, listen to similar setups on other vehicles or check out videos to get a sense of the sound.

Pick a muffler that matches your vision for the truck. If you want further guidance or sound comparisons, there might be videos on the Bullnose Garage YouTube channel for insights.



This answer was written by Bullnose Bill, our AI shophand trained on hundreds of Bullnose-era Ford topics. He knows his way around old Ford Trucks.

As with all of Bill’s answers, it has been reviewed and approved by Ed Zenisek, the man behind Bullnose Garage and a real human being.

While we do our best to keep things accurate, always double-check any repair advice and use proper safety procedures. For real-world walkthroughs and more hands-on content, check out Bullnose Garage on YouTube or visit the BullnoseFord SubReddit.


As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. If you see an Amazon link on my site, purchasing the item from Amazon using that link helps out the Channel.

How can I identify the engine and transmission in my 1983 Ford F-150?


Bullnose Bill explaining engine and transmission options for a 1983 Ford F-150.

This Q&A session is powered by Bullnose Bill, Bullnose Garage’s advanced AI mechanic.
Have your own question? Ask Bill!

Bill says:

Alright, let’s dig into this. You’ve got an ’83 F-150 and you’re keen to find out about the engine and transmission. Here’s how you can go about it:

Engine Identification

  1. VIN Number:

    • Your vehicle identification number (VIN) is a great starting point. You can find it on the driver’s side dashboard, visible through the windshield.
    • The 8th digit of the VIN specifies the engine type. For 1983, this could be a range of options like the 4.9L I6, 5.0L V8, or even the 5.8L V8, among others.
  2. Emissions Sticker:

    • Look under the hood for the emissions sticker. It usually sits on the radiator support or the underside of the hood. This sticker will often list the engine size.
  3. Engine Casting Numbers:

    • If you’re getting hands-on, check the engine block for casting numbers. These are typically located on the passenger’s side of the block. You’ll need these numbers to accurately identify the engine.

Transmission Identification

  1. Transmission Code on the VIN Sticker:

    • Check the door jamb sticker on the driver’s side. It includes a "TR" code, which indicates the transmission type.
    • Common transmissions for ’83 include the C6 automatic or the Borg-Warner T18 manual.
  2. Visual Inspection:

    • If you’re familiar with transmissions, you might be able to identify it by sight. Automatics from this era often have a pan shape that’s unique to models like the C6.
  3. Transmission Casting Numbers:

    • Similar to the engine, the transmission will have casting numbers. These are usually on the driver’s side of the transmission case.

Additional Tips

  • Check the Bullnose Ford Subreddit: This community can be a goldmine for specific identification tips—just make sure to search for threads related to your specific question.
  • Consult BullnoseGarage.com: You might find detailed guides or videos related to engine and transmission ID.

If there’s anything else specific about your Bullnose that you’re curious about, feel free to ask!


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User:

What options might my 1983 F-150 single cab short bed with manual transmission and 4WD have?

Bill avatar

Bill:

You’ve got a classic setup there with the ’83 F-150 single cab short bed, 4WD, and manual transmission. Let’s look at some options and features that might have come with your truck:

Engine Options

Given it’s an ’83, and assuming it’s original, here are some engine possibilities:

  • 4.9L I6 (300 CID): A workhorse of an engine, known for its torque and reliability.
  • 5.0L V8 (302 CID): Offers a nice balance of power and efficiency.
  • 5.8L V8 (351 CID): More power, often found in trucks with towing needs.

Transmission

Since it’s a manual with 4WD:

  • Borg-Warner T18: A common manual transmission, known for its durability and heavy-duty performance.

4WD System

  • NP208 Transfer Case: Likely the transfer case used in your 4WD system, offering part-time four-wheel drive.

Other Features and Options

  1. Interior Options:

    • Basic cloth or vinyl bench seats were common.
    • Some higher trims might have had extra comforts like an AM/FM radio or air conditioning, but many were quite utilitarian by today’s standards.
  2. Exterior Features:

    • Dual fuel tanks were an option, great for extending range.
    • Chrome trim packages or special body graphics were sometimes available, depending on the trim.
  3. Axles and Suspension:

    • Dana 44 Front Axle: Standard for 4WD models.
    • Rear might be a 9-inch or a Ford 8.8, depending on factory specs or any changes over the years.
  4. Trim Levels: Options could vary significantly if it was an XL, XLT, or Custom trim. Higher trims often included more creature comforts and aesthetic upgrades.

Customizations

Given the age of these trucks, many have been modified or customized over the years. It’s not uncommon to find upgraded suspensions, engine swaps, or aftermarket accessories.

If you want to dig deeper into specific features or modifications that might have been popular, the Bullnose Ford subreddit and BullnoseGarage.com are great resources. They can offer insights from other owners who have similar setups. If there’s more you’re curious about, just give me a shout!

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User:

Does having dual gas tanks help identify the engine type, or is it available for all engines?

Bill avatar

Bill:

Dual gas tanks were a popular option across many engine configurations in the Bullnose era, especially for trucks geared towards longer trips or work purposes. So, having dual tanks doesn’t necessarily narrow down the engine type on its own. Both the inline-six and the various V8s could be fitted with dual tanks.

Why Dual Tanks Were Popular

  1. Extended Range: Dual tanks allowed drivers to cover more distance without refueling, which was particularly useful for work trucks or those used in rural areas.

  2. Fuel Management: Having two tanks gave drivers flexibility in managing fuel loads, which was handy, especially if fuel prices varied between regions.

  3. Payload Distribution: Splitting fuel weight could help with weight distribution, especially if the truck was loaded with gear or towing.

Engine Configurations and Dual Tanks

  • 4.9L I6: Commonly found with dual tanks, especially in utility setups.
  • 5.0L and 5.8L V8s: Also frequently paired with dual tanks, especially in higher trims or trucks meant for heavier duty use.

Ultimately, the presence of dual tanks is more indicative of the original owner’s preference for range and utility rather than a specific engine choice. If you’re trying to narrow down your engine type, focusing on visual inspections and the VIN decoding will be your best bet. If you need more help, feel free to ask!

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User:

I currently don’t have my truck. Can you help me narrow down my options further regarding the transmission?

Bill avatar

Bill:

No worries at all! I understand it can be tricky to nail down specifics without the truck on hand. Once you’ve got it, the VIN and a bit of under-the-hood detective work will really help fill in the blanks.

If you end up needing more detailed guidance once you’re with the truck, don’t hesitate to swing back. I’m here to help with anything else you might need about your Bullnose. Best of luck, and happy wrenching when the time comes!

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User:

Does the trim level of the 1983 F-150 affect anything beyond aesthetics?

Bill avatar

Bill:

Great question! While trim levels in the Bullnose era certainly included aesthetic differences, they also affected a few other aspects of the truck. Here’s a breakdown of how trim levels might influence your ’83 F-150 beyond just looks:

Interior Features

  1. Comfort and Convenience:

    • Higher trims, like the XLT, often included more comfortable seating options, such as upgraded cloth or even velour, compared to the basic vinyl in lower trims.
    • Additional interior features like air conditioning, a nicer audio system, and more comprehensive instrumentation (like a tachometer) were more common in higher trims.
  2. Cab Details:

    • Better sound insulation and more refined interior finishes, such as wood-grain dash accents or additional carpeting, were often part of higher trim packages.

Exterior and Functional Features

  1. Exterior Trim and Badging:

    • Chrome trim, upgraded grille designs, and special badging were typical for higher trims like the Lariat.
  2. Lighting and Bumpers:

    • Some trims came with extra chrome or aluminum accents on bumpers and different headlight bezels.
  3. Wheel and Tire Options:

    • Higher trim levels sometimes included upgraded wheels or hubcaps, adding a bit of flair compared to the base models.

Suspension and Performance

  1. Towing Packages:

    • Some higher trims might have included factory options for towing packages, which could mean heavier-duty suspension components or an upgraded cooling system.
  2. Axle Ratios:

    • Depending on the intended use, different axle ratios might be more common in certain trims to improve towing capacity or fuel efficiency.

Ultimately, while a lot of the differences are aesthetic, trim levels could influence some functional aspects of the truck, particularly in terms of comfort and certain performance tweaks made for specific uses. If you get a chance to dig into your truck’s history or see it in person, you might find some of these differences present. If you need more information, just let me know!



This answer was written by Bullnose Bill, our AI shophand trained on hundreds of Bullnose-era Ford topics. He knows his way around old Ford Trucks.

As with all of Bill’s answers, it has been reviewed and approved by Ed Zenisek, the man behind Bullnose Garage and a real human being.

While we do our best to keep things accurate, always double-check any repair advice and use proper safety procedures. For real-world walkthroughs and more hands-on content, check out Bullnose Garage on YouTube or visit the BullnoseFord SubReddit.


As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. If you see an Amazon link on my site, purchasing the item from Amazon using that link helps out the Channel.